my eyes have been turned upwards since i've seen top gun ....and trust me...thoughs things have been there much longer than 98....and hey guess what? i dont know anybody who has suffered pneumonia or hacking cough, or any of thoughs other symptoms they say it causes, abnormally....... which by the way...sounds to me like they named every common health problem in the book except for lacerations, i'm surprised they didn't claim that one..... and hey..guess what else...... it would take hundreds of people to get that crap in the air, and its been 6 years now.... you think they could keep that secret that long? hell..they couldn't even keep from leaks with operation iraqi freedom and the war on terror............ i'm not saying all the info i wrote is exactly true...but i'm saying you should stop bein so gullable..... let me ask you this... how old were you before you realized monsters will never be under your bed?
lol i'm just messin with ya...but seriously...SHHH!
Protector
Ultra Senior Member
Total Posts: 7839
posted Sun 20 Jun 2004 08:22 PM
Hey you useless...thou I agree with what you've said.
But monsters under beds?...HEY!! I'm telling you..IT'S REAL!!!!
Now try proving to me that they aint..
useless21212121
Member
Total Posts: 93
posted Mon 21 Jun 2004 02:06 AM
haha.... your right, sorry, i can't argue with that..
Protector
Ultra Senior Member
Total Posts: 7839
posted Tue 22 Jun 2004 04:17 AM
How to prevent stepping on the many craps laid around...
Based on the book "The Demon Haunted World: Science as a candle in the dark" published by Headline 1996.
• The following are suggested as tools for testing arguments and detecting fallacious or fraudulent arguments:
• Wherever possible there must be independent confirmation of the facts
• Encourage substantive debate on the evidence by knowledgeable proponents of all points of view.
• Arguments from authority carry little weight (in science there are no "authorities").
• Spin more than one hypothesis - don't simply run with the first idea that caught your fancy.
• Try not to get overly attached to a hypothesis just because it's yours.
• Quantify, wherever possible.
• If there is a chain of argument every link in the chain must work.
• "Occam's razor" - if there are two hypotheses that explain the data equally well choose the simpler.
• Ask whether the hypothesis can, at least in principle, be falsified (shown to be false by some unambiguous test). In other words, it is testable? Can others duplicate the experiment and get the same result?
• Additional issues are
• Conduct control experiments - especially "double blind" experiments where the person taking measurements is not aware of the test and control subjects.
• Check for confounding factors - separate the variables.
• Common fallacies of logic and rhetoric
• Ad hominem - attacking the arguer and not the argument.
• Argument from "authority".
• Argument from adverse consequences (putting pressure on the decision maker by pointing out dire consequences of an "unfavourable" decision).
• Appeal to ignorance (absence of evidence is not evidence of absence).
• Special pleading (typically referring to god's will).
• Begging the question (assuming an answer in the way the question is phrased).
• Observational selection (counting the hits and forgetting the misses).
• Statistics of small numbers (such as drawing conclusions from inadequate sample sizes).
• Misrepresenting the nature of statistics (President Eisenhower expressing astonishment and alarm on discovering that fully half of all Americans have below average intelligence!)
• Inconsistency (e.g. military expenditures based on worst case scenarios but scientific projections on environmental dangers thriftily ignored because they are not "proved").
• Non sequitur - "it does not follow" - the logic falls down.
• Post hoc, ergo propter hoc - "it happened after so it was caused by" - confusion of cause and effect.
• Meaningless questions ("what happens when an irresistible force meets an immovable object?).
• Excluded middle - considering only the two extremes in a range of possibilities (making the "other side" look worse than it really is).
• Short-term v. long-term - a subset of excluded middle ("why pursue fundamental science when we have so huge a budget deficit?").
• Slippery slope - a subset of excluded middle - unwarranted extrapolation of the effects (give an inch and they will take a mile).
• Confusion of correlation and causation.
• Straw man - caricaturing (or stereotyping) a position to make it easier to attack..
• Suppressed evidence or half-truths.
• Weasel words - for example, use of euphemisms for war such as "police action" to get around limitations on Presidential powers. "An important art of politicians is to find new names for institutions which under old names have become odious to the public"